"bakke" meaning in Middle English

See bakke in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Noun

IPA: /ˈbak(ə)/ Forms: bakkes [plural]
Etymology: Probably a corruption of Old Swedish nattbakka, likely related to Old English nihtwacu (“night watch”), from niht + wacu, replacing Old English hrēremūs (see reremouse), perhaps later rhymed with rat or cat, two other animals with good night vision. Etymology templates: {{der|enm|gmq-osw|nattbakka}} Old Swedish nattbakka, {{cog|ang|nihtwacu|t=night watch}} Old English nihtwacu (“night watch”), {{cog|ang|hrēremūs}} Old English hrēremūs Head templates: {{head|enm|nouns|g=|g2=|g3=|head=|sort=}} bakke, {{enm-noun|bakkes}} bakke (plural bakkes)
  1. bat (flying mammal) Categories (lifeform): Mammals Synonyms: bak, bake, balke Related terms: wake [English], watch [English], Wache (english: watch) [German], vaka (english: watch, vigil) [Old-Norse] Related terms (Old High German): wahta (english: watch, vigil)
    Sense id: en-bakke-enm-noun-enm:bat Disambiguation of Mammals: 82 18 Categories (other): Pages with 7 entries, Pages with entries, Middle English entries with incorrect language header Disambiguation of Pages with 7 entries: 5 12 2 4 28 17 5 2 4 5 2 6 8 Disambiguation of Pages with entries: 3 8 1 3 40 24 3 1 3 3 1 4 5 Disambiguation of Middle English entries with incorrect language header: 63 37
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Etymology number: 1

Noun

Head templates: {{head|enm|noun}} bakke
  1. Alternative form of bak Tags: alt-of, alternative Alternative form of: bak
    Sense id: en-bakke-enm-noun-MyG4YeaO
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Etymology number: 2

Alternative forms

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  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "en",
            "2": "bat"
          },
          "expansion": "English: bat",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "English: bat"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
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        "1": "enm",
        "2": "gmq-osw",
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      "expansion": "Old Swedish nattbakka",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ang",
        "2": "nihtwacu",
        "t": "night watch"
      },
      "expansion": "Old English nihtwacu (“night watch”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ang",
        "2": "hrēremūs"
      },
      "expansion": "Old English hrēremūs",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Probably a corruption of Old Swedish nattbakka, likely related to Old English nihtwacu (“night watch”), from niht + wacu, replacing Old English hrēremūs (see reremouse), perhaps later rhymed with rat or cat, two other animals with good night vision.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "bakkes",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
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        "g": "",
        "g2": "",
        "g3": "",
        "head": "",
        "sort": ""
      },
      "expansion": "bakke",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "bakkes"
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      "expansion": "bakke (plural bakkes)",
      "name": "enm-noun"
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  ],
  "lang": "Middle English",
  "lang_code": "enm",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "5 12 2 4 28 17 5 2 4 5 2 6 8",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 7 entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "3 8 1 3 40 24 3 1 3 3 1 4 5",
          "kind": "other",
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          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
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        {
          "_dis": "63 37",
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          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
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          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "82 18",
          "kind": "lifeform",
          "langcode": "enm",
          "name": "Mammals",
          "orig": "enm:Mammals",
          "parents": [
            "Vertebrates",
            "Chordates",
            "Animals",
            "Lifeforms",
            "All topics",
            "Life",
            "Fundamental",
            "Nature"
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          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "bat (flying mammal)"
      ],
      "id": "en-bakke-enm-noun-enm:bat",
      "links": [
        [
          "bat",
          "bat"
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        {
          "tags": [
            "English"
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          "word": "wake"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "English"
          ],
          "word": "watch"
        },
        {
          "english": "watch",
          "tags": [
            "German"
          ],
          "word": "Wache"
        },
        {
          "english": "watch, vigil",
          "tags": [
            "Old-Norse"
          ],
          "word": "vaka"
        },
        {
          "english": "watch, vigil",
          "sense": "Old High German",
          "word": "wahta"
        }
      ],
      "senseid": [
        "enm:bat"
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "bak"
        },
        {
          "word": "bake"
        },
        {
          "word": "balke"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈbak(ə)/"
    }
  ],
  "word": "bakke"
}

{
  "etymology_number": 2,
  "head_templates": [
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      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
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      },
      "expansion": "bakke",
      "name": "head"
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  "lang": "Middle English",
  "lang_code": "enm",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
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        {
          "word": "bak"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Alternative form of bak"
      ],
      "id": "en-bakke-enm-noun-MyG4YeaO",
      "links": [
        [
          "bak",
          "bak#Middle_English"
        ]
      ],
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        "alt-of",
        "alternative"
      ]
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  ],
  "word": "bakke"
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{
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    "Middle English terms derived from Old Swedish",
    "Pages with 7 entries",
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    },
    {
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            "2": "bat"
          },
          "expansion": "Scots: bat",
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      "text": "Scots: bat"
    }
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        "2": "gmq-osw",
        "3": "nattbakka"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Swedish nattbakka",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ang",
        "2": "nihtwacu",
        "t": "night watch"
      },
      "expansion": "Old English nihtwacu (“night watch”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ang",
        "2": "hrēremūs"
      },
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      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Probably a corruption of Old Swedish nattbakka, likely related to Old English nihtwacu (“night watch”), from niht + wacu, replacing Old English hrēremūs (see reremouse), perhaps later rhymed with rat or cat, two other animals with good night vision.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "bakkes",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
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      },
      "expansion": "bakke",
      "name": "head"
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      "args": {
        "1": "bakkes"
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      "expansion": "bakke (plural bakkes)",
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  "lang": "Middle English",
  "lang_code": "enm",
  "pos": "noun",
  "related": [
    {
      "tags": [
        "English"
      ],
      "word": "wake"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "English"
      ],
      "word": "watch"
    },
    {
      "english": "watch",
      "tags": [
        "German"
      ],
      "word": "Wache"
    },
    {
      "english": "watch, vigil",
      "sense": "Old High German",
      "word": "wahta"
    },
    {
      "english": "watch, vigil",
      "tags": [
        "Old-Norse"
      ],
      "word": "vaka"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "bat (flying mammal)"
      ],
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        [
          "bat",
          "bat"
        ]
      ],
      "senseid": [
        "enm:bat"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈbak(ə)/"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "word": "bak"
    },
    {
      "word": "bake"
    },
    {
      "word": "balke"
    }
  ],
  "word": "bakke"
}

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    "Middle English lemmas",
    "Middle English nouns",
    "Pages with 7 entries",
    "Pages with entries",
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  "etymology_number": 2,
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  "lang": "Middle English",
  "lang_code": "enm",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
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        {
          "word": "bak"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Alternative form of bak"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "bak",
          "bak#Middle_English"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "alt-of",
        "alternative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "bakke"
}

Download raw JSONL data for bakke meaning in Middle English (2.5kB)


This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Middle English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-12-21 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-12-04 using wiktextract (d8cb2f3 and 4e554ae). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.